ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The mandibular advancement device (MAD) is a option to treat patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of upper airway abnormalities on the success of and adherence to MAD in patients with OSAS. METHODS: Prospective study with 30 patients with mild to moderate OSAS and indications for MAD. The protocol included questionnaires addressing sleep and nasal complaints, polysomnography, and upper airway assessment. The analyzed parameters of patients who showed therapeutic success and failure and those who exhibited good and poor treatment adherence were compared. RESULTS: 28 patients completed the protocol; 64.3% responded successfully to treatment with MAD, and 60.7% exhibited good adherence to treatment. Factors associated with greater success rates were younger age (p = 0.02), smaller cervical circumference (p = 0.05), and lower AHI at baseline (p = 0.05). There was a predominance of patients without nasal abnormalities among patients treated successfully compared to those with treatment failure (p = 0.04), which was not observed in relation to adherence. Neither pharyngeal nor facial skeletal abnormalities were significantly associated with either therapeutic success or adherence. CONCLUSION: MAD treatment success was significantly lower among patients with nasal abnormalities; however, treatment adherence was not influenced by the presence of upper airway or facial skeletal abnormalities.
RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: O Aparelho Intraoral (AIO) é uma opção para tratamento da Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS). OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a influência das alterações da VAS e esqueléticas faciais através de uma avaliação clinica sistematizada no sucesso e adesão ao (AIO) em pacientes com (SAOS). MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo em que foram avaliados 30 pacientes com SAOS leve a moderada e indicação de AIO. Protocolo incluiu questionários de sono e queixas nasais; polissonografia e avaliação da VAS por rinoscopia anterior e oroscopia. Os parâmetros analisados foram comparados entre pacientes com sucesso e insucesso, e com boa e má adesão à terapia. RESULTADOS: Completaram o protocolo 28 pacientes. O sucesso ao tratamento foi de 64,3% e a adesão 60,7%. Os fatores associados ao sucesso foram menor idade, menor circunferência cervical e menor IAH basal. Quanto à presença de alterações nasais, houve predomínio de pacientes sem alteração nasal entre os pacientes com sucesso comparados àqueles com insucesso (p = 0,04); o que não foi observado em relação à adesão. Quanto às alterações faríngeas e alterações esqueléticas faciais, não houve significância. CONCLUSÃO: O sucesso do tratamento com AIO foi significativamente menor nos pacientes com alterações nasais, porém a adesão não foi influenciada pela presença de alterações de VAS ou esqueléticas faciais.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mandibular Advancement/instrumentation , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Cephalometry , Polysomnography , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The mandibular advancement device (MAD) is a option to treat patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of upper airway abnormalities on the success of and adherence to MAD in patients with OSAS. METHODS: Prospective study with 30 patients with mild to moderate OSAS and indications for MAD. The protocol included questionnaires addressing sleep and nasal complaints, polysomnography, and upper airway assessment. The analyzed parameters of patients who showed therapeutic success and failure and those who exhibited good and poor treatment adherence were compared. RESULTS: 28 patients completed the protocol; 64.3% responded successfully to treatment with MAD, and 60.7% exhibited good adherence to treatment. Factors associated with greater success rates were younger age (p=0.02), smaller cervical circumference (p=0.05), and lower AHI at baseline (p=0.05). There was a predominance of patients without nasal abnormalities among patients treated successfully compared to those with treatment failure (p=0.04), which was not observed in relation to adherence. Neither pharyngeal nor facial skeletal abnormalities were significantly associated with either therapeutic success or adherence. CONCLUSION: MAD treatment success was significantly lower among patients with nasal abnormalities; however, treatment adherence was not influenced by the presence of upper airway or facial skeletal abnormalities.
Subject(s)
Mandibular Advancement/instrumentation , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Adult , Aged , Cephalometry , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Polysomnography , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Chronic otitis media has a high prevalence on the population and their treatment continuous to be a challenge for the otorhinolaryngologists. AIM: To demonstrate the factors that could interfere in the tympanoplasty success and the surgical results during 2002. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical prospective. MATERIAL AND METHOD: were included 37 patients with chronic otitis media non cholesteatoma (COMNC) undergo to tympanoplasty (in lay or underlay, with homologous graft). All the patients were submitted to a survey pre and postoperative include clinical, physical examinations, flexible nasal endoscope and audiometry. RESULTS: The age, the dimension and localization of the tympanic membrane perforation; the condition of middle ear mucosa; number of otorrhea/year; smoking; parents history of otorrhea and hearing loss; personals history of otological surgery; monthly family income; the graft, technique and access used were not significantly to repair tympanic membrane perforations. The closure rate was 65% and the gain in air-bone gap was 100%. CONCLUSION: The timpanoplasty must be considerate in the treatment of the COMNC.
Subject(s)
Otitis Media/surgery , Tympanic Membrane Perforation/surgery , Tympanoplasty/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Audiometry , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Otitis Media/complications , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Tympanic Membrane Perforation/etiology , Tympanoplasty/adverse effectsABSTRACT
A otite média crônica continua muito prevalente em nosso meio e permanece um desafio aos otorrinolaringologistas quanto ao seu tratamento. OBJETIVO: Demonstrar os fatores que podem interferir no sucesso das timpanoplastias e os resultados cirúrgicos obtidos durante o ano de 2002. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Clínico prospectivo. CASUíSTICA E MÉTODOS: Incluiu-se 37 pacientes portadores de otite média crônica não-colesteatomatosa (OMCNC) submetidos a timpanoplastia (in-lay ou underlay, com enxerto homólogo). Os pacientes passaram por protocolo de avaliação pré e pós-operatória que consistiu em anamnese, exame físico específico, nasofibroscopia e audiometria. RESULTADO: Fatores como idade, localização e tamanho da perfuração; estado da mucosa da orelha média; número de infecções/ano; tabagismo; história familiar de otorréia e disacusia; história pessoal de cirurgia otológica prévia; renda familiar mensal; enxerto, técnica e via de acesso utilizada; não apresentaram relevância estatística quanto ao fechamento da perfuração. A taxa de sucesso foi de 65 por cento para o fechamento da membrana timpânica e 100 por cento para o ganho audiométrico. CONCLUSÃO: As timpanoplastias devem ser consideradas no tratamento das OMCNC.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Otitis Media/surgery , Tympanic Membrane Perforation/surgery , Tympanoplasty/methods , Audiometry , Follow-Up Studies , Otitis Media/complications , Prospective Studies , Tympanic Membrane Perforation/etiology , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Tympanoplasty/adverse effectsABSTRACT
A adenoidectomia e/ou amigdalectomia são os procedimentos cirúrgicos mais realizados na Otorrinolaringologia. Traumas psicológicos infantis podem ser decorrentes das cirurgias ou da anestesia. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a assistência pré-operatória dada aos pacientes pelo perfil psicológico das crianças e de seus responsáveis, no pré e pós-operatório. TIPO DE ESTUDO: Clínico retrospectivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Realizou-se um levantamento dos prontuários dos pacientes (entre 2 e 12 anos) submetidos à adenoidectomia e/ou amigdalectomia de fevereiro a dezembro de 2003 e analisado o Protocolo de Assistência Psicológica Breve aplicado a esses pacientes e responsáveis. RESULTADO: Do total de 78 pacientes, 32 (41,0 por cento) se encontravam na faixa etária pré-escolar e 46 (59,0 por cento) em idade escolar. O sentimento predominante na idade pré-escolar foi o medo (59,4 por cento), enquanto na escolar e de seus familiares foi a confiança: 63,0 por cento e 48,72 por cento, respectivamente. Quanto à expectativa do resultado cirúrgico tanto as crianças (73,08 por cento) quanto seus familiares (96,15 por cento) demonstraram otimismo. O temperamento emocional introvertido foi observado na maioria das crianças (52,56 por cento) e dos acompanhantes (51,28 por cento). A reação emocional delas e dos acompanhantes foi de tranqüilidade: 68,18 por cento e 97,73 por cento, respectivamente, no pós-operatório imediato. Todas as crianças encontraram-se, num parecer psicológico final, sem contra-indicações para a cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: Independente do sentimento predominante ou do temperamento emocional, uma assistência pré-operatória faz-se necessária. Devemos ter um programa educacional contendo uma descrição verbal do procedimento juntamente com as sensações a serem experimentadas, associadas à interação dos pais com as crianças, visando diminuir o nível de ansiedade, a resposta ao estresse cirúrgico e possíveis seqüelas pós-operatórias.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adenoidectomy/psychology , Tonsillectomy/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Postoperative PeriodABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy are the most frequent surgeries in otorhinolaryngology. Infantile psychological trauma may be caused by surgeries and anesthesia. AIM: To estimate the preoperative service offered to children and their responsible people by examining their psychological profile pre and postoperatively. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical perspective. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We have evaluated the medical chart of children between two and twelve years old who were submitted to adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy during February to December of 2003 and analyzed the psychological profile applied to the children and their responsible person. RESULTS: Out of the total of 78 patients, 32 (41.0%) were in pre-school age and 46 (59.0%) in school age. The predominant feeling in pre-school age was fear (59.4%), while in school-aged children and their responsible guardian it was trust: 63.0% and 48.72%, respectively. As to expectation of surgery results, both children (73.08%) and their responsible people (96.15%) showed optimism. Introverted emotional temperament was observed in the majority of the children (52.56%) and their responsible people (51.28%). The emotional reaction at the immediate postoperative period of children and their guardians was calm: 68.18% and 97.73%, respectively. All children were psychologically apt to be submitted to the surgery. CONCLUSION: Independent of the predominant feeling or emotional temperament, good preoperative guidance is required. We have to offer preoperative teaching program that includes verbal descriptions of the procedures among the sensations to be experienced, allied with the interaction of children and parents, looking for reduction of anxiety, response to surgical stress and possible postoperative sequelae.
